Articles written by Sara E. Lewis
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U.S. National Parks and Bioprospecting
A new policy will allow the U.S. national parks to share in the profits of private companies whose scientific breakthroughs are based on organisms harvested there.
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U.S. Atlantic Coast and Sea Level Rise
As sea level rises, coastal inhabitants respond by building barriers. In the long term, planning that allows wetlands to migrate inland is recommended.
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American Beautyberry
In a 545-acre park near Williamsburg, Virginia, American Beautyberry comes into fruit in late summer and the purple berries feed wildlife through the end of the year.
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Northern Bobwhite
Wildlife habitat restoration project demonstrates land management to encourage bobwhite quail and other wildlife.
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Colonial and Modern Williamsburg Christmas
A trip to Colonial Williamsburg at Christmas is beloved by many. Although they may feel that they have stepped back in time, a "Williamsburg Christmas" is not colonial.
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Eastern Virginia Farming Tradition
In rural James City County near Williamsburg, Virginia, generations of farmer toiled on ancestral land to raise tobacco and later to supply produce to markets.
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Christmas Memories
Memories of growing up in the village of Toano, Virginia, during the 1930s reveal simpler times.
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"Heatstroke: Nature in an Age of Global Warming"
Anthony D. Barnosky explains that climate change is changing nature fundamentally and that we are headed toward an extinction phase that will include our species.
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New Lupus Drug
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can anticipate new treatment made possible by promising research in the field of biotechnology.
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Traumatic Brain Injury and Suicide
Post-TBI suicide risk is higher than in the general population and elevated due to feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, lack of ability to enjoy life (depression).
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Treatment of Long Term TBI-Related Spasticity
If early-stage involuntary muscle tightness goes unnoticed by the TBI patient or caregivers, the long term condition and resulting pain can be controlled with medication.
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Coyote in Eastern Virginia
Coyote are territorial carnivores seen in welcoming areas of eastern Virginia where there are small mammals like mice, squirrels, and rabbits for them to eat.
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How Colonial Chesapeake Ancestors Lived
Genealogists can enjoy a trip to St. Mary's City or Colonial Williamsburg as a reward for finding Chesapeake ancestors and get to know their world if not their names.
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Noctilucent Clouds
Scientists are collecting data on the mesospheric phenomenon that is increasing in frequency and at lower latitudes.
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William Nuthead (1654-1695)
The work of this colonial printer illustrates the development of printing as a means to inform the public at a time before freedom of the press was taken for granted.
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Native Plants, Insects, and Us
What's all the fuss about native plants? Simple. We need them to feed and shelter birds, butterflies and all life, from bacteria to mammals. Non-natives usually won't do.
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Rain Garden Designs for Parks, Roads, Yards
Rain Gardens lower landscape maintenance time and costs while filtering and infiltrating water to improve water quality.
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How to Treat Jellyfish Stings
The stinging creature is a sign of the declining health of waterways worldwide. Be prepared with sting treatment that can save tears and time during beach vacation.
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Green Cooking
Go green in the kitchen. Environmentalists and cookbook authors promote green food choices, cooking methods, and eating habits.
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Do I Need a Copyright?
Artists, inventors, and innovative business owners who want to make money from their work should seek advice on protecting valuable assets.
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Is It Safe to Swim in the Chesapeake Bay?
Know the facts and weigh the risks of swimming and fishing in the Maryland and Virginia Chesapeake Bay or eating raw oysters and other seafood.
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Colonial Williamsburg Crab Cake Recipe
At Colonial Williamsburg, historians preserve past practices through research and public interpretation. The cooking craft program is called Foodways.
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Non-Profit Fund Raising
The Internet has changed the way non-profit organizations solicit and donors research giving. Successful nonprofits use online tools.
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Green Marketing
John Grant, author and innovative advertising agency head, writes on the topic of sustainability and offers authentic green marketing solutions.
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Sustainable Business Planning
In his book, Auden Schendler of Aspen Skiing Company says climate crisis requires businesses to lead sustainability revolution. Efficiency, new energy sources needed.
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What are Keywords?
Keywords are the words potential customers type into Google and other search engines when looking for information, products, and services. They are key to online success!
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Email Marketing with Newsletters
Collect e-mail addresses from a website and send a weekly or monthly e-newsletter to build relationships.
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Effective Online Marketing Strategy
As more customers use web search engines and visit websites, businesses can't avoid serving them by integrating online marketing strategies.
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Going Green in 2009
Successful businesses employ sustainable practices. Environmental awareness, economic costs, and risks of inaction drive businesses to eco-change
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Relieving Fatigue
Mondays, rainy days, and staying up to late are simple reasons for lacking energy. But fatigue may be a sign of other needs or conditions that should be addressed.
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Vegetarian Nutrition
A vegetarian diet is naturally healthy because it includes less fat and cholesterol and more fiber. Variety and planning are all that's needed to meet nutritional needs
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Atrial Fibrillation and Blood Clots
Many people experience a heart flutter from time to time. When this happens, blood flow through the heart's chambers is interrupted. Blood may pool and clot.
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Getting Rid of Poison Ivy Plants
Gardeners know that poison ivy has plenty of sap in spring and summer. The plant's urushiol content is high and new growth plentiful. Most who are exposed develop a rash.
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Chesapeake Bay Pirates
Add pirates to the list of trials and tribulations faced by early settlers around the Virginia Colony's Chesapeake Bay. But pirates were simply independent entrepreneurs.
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Keep Deer Out of Front Yard Garden
By planting less appealing landscape materials and using creative deer-startling effects, gardeners are more likely to thwart this common beast.
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What Causes a Blood Clot?
A blood clot can be painful, and life threatening. What are the most frequently cited situations that cause blood to clot excessively, making normal healing go wrong?
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Healthy Vegetarian Additions from the Front Yard
Learn to appreciate and eat the healthy vegetables and fruits that grow right outside your front door.
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Correlation between Blood Clots and Cancer
Individuals who develop a blood clot are more likely to be diagnosed with cancer within a year or two.
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Colds and Flu and College
Common colds and flu are ailments that are liable to strike once, twice, or more during a student's career. Take precautions, but know symptoms and treatment options.
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Indoor Gardening: Playing in the Dirt with Kids
When the sun is shining but it's still too cool to play outdoors in the garden, bring the dirt indoors and plant seeds with children.
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Acai Berries and Your Health
Can these tasty purple fruits be as good for you as some Acai berry-containing product producers claim?
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Books about Green Business
The message is clear: you must green your business. Several new books are available to help businesspeople learn what they need to know.
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Start and Maintain a Business
Starting a own business may be an option worth exploring. However, be careful to forecast potential expenses to be certain it can be profitably maintained
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Wine and Women's Health
The largest ever study published in 2009 reveals that as little as a glass of wine a day may be too risky for women.
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Ideas to Promote Healthy Eating and Living
A Prevention Institute and Healthy Eating Active Living Convergence Partnership study published in 2008 promotes strategies behind building healthy environments.
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Spring Gardening Ideas
When planning your garden, choose plants that flatter the style of your home and attract complements from birds, butterflies, and neighbors.
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Spring Yard Care and Native Plants
Assess your yard. Tidy up and fill in with plants native to local climate and soil conditions. Plan to plant a diverse and beautiful environment.
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Spring into Climate Change Action
As temperatures warm and flowers bloom, take time to think about steps you can take this spring to minimize greenhouse gas emissions.
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Join Project Budburst in the USA
Become a citizen scientist by monitoring plants for Project Budburst, a national climate change observation and research initiative.
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Chickahominy River in Virginia
The Chickahominy River watershed is one of hundreds of sub-watersheds of the Chesapeake Bay and includes 470 square miles of the Bay's 64,000 total square miles.
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History of the Chesapeake Bay
Prompted to form by a bolide that hit the Earth 35 million years ago, the Bay is home to more than 16 million people.
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What is Simple Living?
It is ironic that modern life is simple and old-fashioned, plain living requires more work, but the trade-offs can be rewarding.
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How to Cut Expenses
Living within our means allows us to save while contributing to our health and future.
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Healthy Forests
Abused as a political slogan, the phrase "healthy forests" needs to be re-examined and understood for its critical meaning.
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Environmental Benefits of Trees
Trees provide basic services critical to human life. Forest managers balance these with other human lifestyle requirements.
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Chesapeake Bay Oysters
Do we want to restore the environment or the industry?
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Fertilize Naturally with Leaf Mulch
Let fall leaves do what comes naturally. Spend time and money wisely by recycling leaves in your lawn and garden.
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Disease and Chesapeake Bay Striped Bass
Analysis of three years of data prove that mycobacteriosis is causing a decline in Chesapeake Bay's striped bass population.
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Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Integrated Pest Management is an environmentally responsible approach to insect management.
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Blue Crabs and Chesapeake Bay Pollution
A report from the Chesapeake Bay Foundation (CBF) describes how pollution is killing crabs.
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Decorate with Nature in Mind
Many prefer to be outdoors, but some time spent indoors is unavoidable. Evoke the elements of nature when decorating indoor spaces.
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Decorate with Nature
Adorn your home with gorgeous bits and pieces of nature that accent your affinity for the outdoors. Natural treasures make simple and deeply satisfying decorations.
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Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)
Nearly half of 50 to 59-year-olds turn to alternative practices and products in their search for relief that complements and sometimes replaces traditional medicine.
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Become a Vegetarian Environmentalist
Take action to prevent environmental decline, habitat loss, and global warming by eating low on the food chain.
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How to Enjoy a Free Williamsburg Christmas
Everyone hopes to find a special event that's also free. That's easy to do in historic Williamsburg, Virginia, where many talented choristers and musicians spread cheer.
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Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Recent studies show the environmental and economic benefits of plug-in hybrid vehicles. Battery and power grid developments as well as marketing are needed.
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How to Embrace Change
What is it about change that made Americans vote for Barack Obama? How can we embrace change to ensure a successful future?
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How to Control Stress and Anxiety
Mindfulness is the name given to the practice of focusing on emotions. Think about how you feel and take a deep breath before acting erratically.
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How to Prevent or Delay Type 2 Diabetes
Avoid full-blown diabetes. Waiting until symptoms appear leaves the body's systems too compromised to be able to respond to treatment.
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How to Tell a Fruit from a Vegetable
Separating the vegetables from the fruits is easy. What part of the plant is it? Experiment by picking and slicing into a few, then eat the evidence!
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Seventeenth-century Chesapeake Settlers
Venturers to Virginia and Maryland came from western and southern England, unlike the Puritans from East Anglia towns. Their land-oriented ideals shaped the colonies.
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How to Restore Chesapeake Oysters
The estuary's leading advocacy organization has invested in native oyster restoration and sees progress. The introduction of non-native species could be detrimental.
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How to Save the Chesapeake Bay
'Save the Bay" is the Chesapeake Bay Foundation's marketing tag line. What has happened to the Bay's keystone species and can oysters be restored?
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How to Plant a Wildlife Habitat
Create an artistic lawn enlivened by beautiful wildflowers and fascinating creatures. Choose plants that don't out-compete natives and ensure a healthy habitat for all.
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The Seven Daughters of Eve
Sykes says his book is about "the history of the world as revealed by genetics." He names the genetic clan groups and describes their world.
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Understanding Genetic Genealogy
Sykes says his book is about "the history of the world as revealed by genetics." He tells his research story in a easy way that serves to demystify his conclusions.
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Shenandoah Valley History in Staunton, Virginia
This town on the Great Wagon Road is key to imagining the early settlers' experience. It is one of the oldest towns west of the Blue Ridge and an early center for trade.
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DNA and Genealogy
DNA studies have developed rapidly to help scientist understand biological systems and disease. Genomics are now being applied to fingerprint criminals and cousins.
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How to See Colonial Williamsburg
Plan to see the homes, trade buildings, and gardens in a logical order. A suggestion and questions to make this vacation ideal for children are offered here.
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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
A benchmark study assessed consumer attitudes about CSR and the role of media. Follow-up studies show consumers are concerned and use the Internet to check up on business
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Fall Planting Guide
Invest in seeds and plants that are native to local climate and soil conditions. Follow natural lawn care tips to save time and money while avoiding frustration.
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Fall Landscape Maintenance
Make more time to enjoy your lawn and your life this fall: don't rake your leaves!
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Green Economy & Jobs Growth
What sectors will see the greatest growth in jobs as the economy shifts to green?
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Green Companies Will Grow
The results of an Ernst and Young survey of business leaders advises companies that green awareness is rising. To ignore it would be unsustainable.
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Shoreline Erosion Control
Plants are a less expensive first line of defense against property loss, especially in tidal creeks and coves. Learn when, why and how natural erosion control is best.
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Unitarian Universalism Supports Spiritual Growth
People turn to religion for answers, but Unitarian Universalism invites evolution, exploration, and spiritual growth. Religion provides an invitation to find wholeness.
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Non-profit Marketing and Public Relations
From news releases to new social networking sites, non-profits mix traditional marketing communications tools and Internet tools for success on a small budget.
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Walking Linked to All-Around Wellbeing
Communities that provide citizens with more opportunities to walk improve individual quality of life and boost environmental and business wellbeing.
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History of Mathews County, Virginia
Mathews, Virginia, is a small and close-knit community of families. Men built ships and went to sea. Until recently, the primary occupations were farmer and waterman.
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History of James City County, Virginia
The settlement and heritage of the county has been largely overshadowed by museum restorations at Jamestown and Williamsburg, Virginia's first and second capital cities.
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Chesapeake Bay Watershed Habitat and Ecosystem
The estuary ecosystem, where ocean saltwater and inland freshwater meet, is large but shallow. A heavy load of nutrients are washing into the bay and fouling the habitat.
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Wetlands Protect Coast, Plants, Animals, People
Americans love to live near the water. When they learn to understand, protect, and preserve wetland habitats they insure the future.
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Linking Transportation Choice and Health
A public health professional discussed the role of public health and the relationship between the built environment and health at recent bicycling and walking conference.
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Transportation Planning and Public Health
City planners seized an opportunity to make Decatur, Georgia more walkable, bikeable, and liveable and used a neutral health impact tool to build concensus.
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Can Complete Streets be Green Streets Too?
While the bike/ped movement gains proponents, environmentalists question how to build complete streets that add green function not just more gray material.
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National Center for Bicycling and Walking
At the 2008 Pro Walk/Pro Bike Convention, bicycling and pedestrian professionals note that the bike/ped movement is suddenly more popular.
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Seattle Mayor Nickels Climate Change Initiatives
Mayor Greg Nickels told professionals at the 2008 National Center for Bicycling and Walking conference, that an unusually warm and dry period was his "ah-ha" moment.
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Worldwide Bicycle Boom and Culture Change
Northern European countries are doing things differently to get more people on bicycles. U.S. and Canada lag due to strength of car culture, concerns about safety.
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Bring your Bicycle to Williamsburg
The Colonial Parkway is a safe route for adult and teen cyclists, although the slow hills can be a little challenging. The Virginia Capital Trail is perfect for all ages!
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Virginia Vegetarian Chowder Recipe
Fresh vegetables and recipes make late summer a vegetarian's favorite time of year. With Virginia ham or bacon, this chowder becomes a Virginia vegetarian's treat.
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Pawpaw Patch at New Quarter Park
Pawpaws, enjoyed by mammals, Indians, early settlers, and slaves, are abundant in the park environment. Try a recipe for the wild food or propagate an edible landscape.
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Traditional Mocha Chocolate Cake
This famed cake recipe has traveled across families and cyberspace to today. The rich coffee, chocolate, butter and eggs make it dense, delicious, and a special treat.
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Allegheny Vacation at Douthat State Park
Douthat is one of Virginia's best parks, featuring outstanding scenery, hiking and mountain bike trails, and fishing. Its on the National Register of Historic Places.
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Homemade Cranberry Sauce
Blend fruits to create a crowd-pleasing cranberry sauce to complete and complement Thanksgiving dinner.
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Activists Can Ensure Bicycle Lanes are Effective
Striped-off bike lanes separate bicyclists from other traffic and provide the safest way for bicycle travel on the highway. Laws regulate them, but activist play a role.
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New Quarter Park Near Williamsburg
Many visitors to Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and Yorktown like to find nearby sites like New Quarter Park to get outdoors and walk, bike, or kayak.
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Summer Garden Dinner
An easy to prepare dish blends the bounty of the garden and can be served with pasta, bread, and wine.
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Prepare to Ride a Bike
If you are new to bicycling or getting back on a bike again as an adult, here's some simple advice about bicycles and safety gear to help you be comfortable and safe.
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Urban Bicycles
Hybrid bicycles used to be for those who couldn't decide if they were road cyclists or mountain bikers. Now they are in demand for commuting, fitness and green living.
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Integrated Bicycling Resolution
At their June conference, the U.S. Conference of Mayors recognized that bicycling should be promoted for many reasons including transportation, environment, and health.
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Bicycle Commuting
Riding your bike to work yields many benefits. Gas prices or concern for the environment may be nudging you to give it a try. Here are some things to remember.
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Teleworking Centers
Pinched by gas prices, more workers are able to take advantage of teleworking option and bosses are learning that it makes sense.
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Programs Promote Bicycling
Bicycling is fun! More people want to bike to stay fit and cut pollution. New programs are aimed at making bicycling a safer and more attractive form of transportation.
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Williamsburg Land Conservancy in Virginia
Conservation easements have yielded tax benefits while preserving the unique Williamsburg community character.
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Virginia Bicycling Law and Safety Rules
Virginia laws apply to bicyclists and disregard could lead to fines and points against a driver's license. Safety rules are vital and apply to bicyclists everywhere.
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Grand Illumination Alternative
If you want to go to Colonial Williamsburg's Grand Illumination but prefer to avoid the crowds, Illuminations of Palace, Tavern and Market Square areas might be perfect!
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Mild Brain Injury and Depression
Trauma to the brain results in many mood and behavior problems. Depression is frequently cited after a mild head injury due to frustration and loss of self esteem.
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Treating Depression
Depression is a very real medical condition. It should not be ignored. Depression can be controlled with treatment and without medication may lead to suicide.
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Shenandoah National Park
Whether visiting the nation's capital, Virginia's Colonial Williamsburg, Mount Vernon or Monticello, there is a storied and beautiful National Park waiting nearby.
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Massage Therapy for Osteoarthritis
What is osteoarthritis and how is it treated? Is massage therapy a useful alternative?
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Do I Need a Pacemaker?
Do you have an irregular heartbeat? Does the doctor recommend a pacemaker? Here are the basics. You'll be glad to know it's not your grandfather's pacemaker anymore.
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Colonial Williamsburg Christmas
Come to Colonial Williamsburg to get in the spirit of the holiday, but be prepared for the crowds. Other holiday events may suit you, and Colonial Williamsburg has many!
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Front Yard Garden
Turn your front yard into an edible landscape instead of a nonproductive grass plot. It's good for the environment and good for you.
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Integrative Medicine
Look for modern hospitals and medical practices that use a variety of optional techniques to complement patient health and recovery.
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Vegetarian Diet is Healthy
More people are becoming vegetarians, and experts say that as long as you eat a variety of fruits, vegetables and whole grains you will get all the nutrients you need.
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Blood Clots
Blood clots can happen to anyone, anytime. Hospital stays, prolonged sitting, birth control pills, cancer are among causes. Always, always take clot symptoms seriously!
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Osteoporosis Risks
Fractures and broken bones are the result of not paying attention to bone health. Get your exercise and understand the impact of food and medicine.
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Sun and UV Rays
Whether going to the islands, to the neighborhood pool, or to watch your favorite sports team, remember not to overexpose your skin to the sun's ultraviolet or UV rays.
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Youth Sports Injuries
Before letting your child join the team, understand the most frequent injuries and their causes. Ask about equipment and availability of certified care.
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Pests v. Pesticides
Homeowners should be more concerned about the use of too much fertilizer and other lawn chemicals. A Virginia program teaches that too much pollutes and endangers health.
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Eat More Fruits and Veggies
September has become the new Fruit and Vegetable Month since it allows schools and health groups to emphasize healthy eating and recipes to prevent health problems.
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Fighting Obesity in Public Schools
A Virginia public school program encourages healthy eating to fight obesity and increase academic performance.
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Cancer and Nutrition
A diet high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is promoted for cancer prevention and care. Many resources are available to those wishing to invest in good health.
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Plastic and the Marine Environment
Plastic is man-made -- not easily broken down or reabsorbed by the environment. Clean-ups, consumer awareness, and alternative materials are needed.
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Drink Water for Your Body's Health
While we spend a lot of time worrying about the nutritional content of the food we eat, many of us don't pay a proportionate amount of attention to getting enough fluid.
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Healthy Eating
Toward the end of the summer and into the fall, in some locations, vegetables and fruits are bountiful. There's no excuse for not eating plenty of the good stuff!
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Read Food Labels, Avoid TransFats
Is eating trans fats dangerous? What has transpired to transplant them in our foods? Are fats okay 'sans the trans'?
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Cosmetic Dentistry Basics
If you've looked in the mirror and aren't pleased with your teeth, learn more about techniques used by cosmetic dentists to achieve winning smiles.
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TBI Awareness
Traumatic brain injuries can be life changing. Look for symptoms in anyone who has hit his or her head and treat head injury like the very real injury that it is.
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Walk and Bike for Health
Several uncomplicated programs encourage people to walk more. Co-operation is sought from public policy makers and physicians.
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