Articles related to "Rna"
This collection of articles explores the components and function of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA) and the cellular energy carrier ATP.
The genetic material of a virus can be either DNA or RNA, and if it is single-stranded RNA, the biologist must then make sense of the type of strand.
RNA, ribonucleic acid, is the genetic material that transcribes DNA's instructions and translates instruction into construction of protein.
Scripps Research Institute scientists have devised and patented a simple microfluidic chamber that may hold the answer to the mystery of the creation of life on earth.
Besides mediating between the DNA and proteins, RNA has a function in regulating the levels of proteins in the cell. This regulation is critical for the cell's behavior.
There are many techniques for increasing the expression of a specific protein in a cell. As for turning expression down, a new method allows for rapid decreases.
Nucleic acids, such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are the vital genetic blueprints, messengers and builders of the cellular world.
A common misconception is that ATP can be used to determine the direction of a reaction. ATP is used to make activated intermediates that are macromolecular precursors.
Viral genomes might be small, but, as dsDNA, ssDNA, dsRNA or SS RNA, they show much more variation in form than is found in the genetic material of living cells.
MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and are playing an emerging role in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic strategies for many cancers.
German Measles (rubella) and Rubeola (measles) are similar childhood infectious rashes caused by RNA viruses.
What are deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acid made of, and how are these big molecules of genetic information built? This article explains the basics.
Prior to cell division, a new copy of DNA must be built. And in order for our cells to make proteins, RNA must be created from the DNA template. How is this accomplished?
Since its discovery in 1998, RNAi has become a valuable tool in medical research, and is under investigation for its potential use in the treatment of genetic diseases.
A mutation in the CCR5 chemokine receptor gene has been discovered that provides protection against infection by HIV-1, the most common strain in North America.
The history and structure of the most important molecule in living organisms, Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
Genes are defined as basic units of heredity that direct the production of proteins. What are proteins and why are they important?
With more sophisticated diagnostic techniques, physicians are able to diagnose autoimmune liver diseases in their early stages, a time when symptoms overlap.
A mutation is a rare change in a gene's DNA sequence that can result in a defective cellular protein. This article covers the basics of genetic mutation.
Bacteria are living cells with DNA genomes that direct the production of enzymes required for metabolism. Viruses are not alive. What does the viral genome do?
Molecular genetics is a genetics sub-discipline, including areas such as DNA structure, RNA structure, gene expression, gene mutation and gene therapy.
Three schemes for new writers offer genuine, publisher-backed routes to success. This article looks at how one of them, run by the RNA, is backing upcoming novelists...
Ribosomes, which can be free floating in the cell or attached to endoplasmic reticulum, carry out the steps of protein synthesis in the cell.
It is important for biology students who study DNA to understand the function and structure of this important molecule in the cell.
The science behind the H1N1 virus is key to understanding why it is so difficult to produce effective anti-viral treatments.
There is a saying by an anonymous author, "People don't grow old. When they stop growing, they become old."
These infectious rashes caused by DNA viruses most often occur during childhood, and include varicella zoster, fifth disease, and exanthem subitum.
The classic childhood viral rashes include chickenpox (Varicella zoster), erythemia infectiosum (Fifth's disease), roseola, rubella and rubeola (measles).
There are a growing number of genetic diseases that would seem to have very little in common, yet they share in some unusual molecular changes.
The purification and crystallization of ribosomes clarified how structure is related to function and how ribosomes account for the law and order of protein synthesis.
Influenza viruses have an amazing ability to infect multiple species of animals, mutate genes and intermix RNA to become new strains and deadly variants.
Geneticists have long used genetic switches to turn genes on and off, but until now they have struggled to control the intermediate levels.
The crystalline structure of ribosomes has been studied by three scientific groups and the group leaders have received the 2009 Nobel Prize for explaining ribosomes.
A recent Canadian study suggests that while some changes in gene activity can be reversed by stopping smoking, other changes are irreversible.
Theories about the first life forms tend to agree on what had to happen, but differ in their explanations of where and how. There are three strong contenders.
A look at the differences in structure between viruses, and how viruses reproduce.
Cells that are small and primitive, or large and more complex, are organized to promote their sustenance and survival. Even the simplest of cells are very complex.
Evolution of H1N1 responds to selection pressures within infected individuals and during spread to others. Isolation and hand washing can prevent a deadly pandemic.
These small creatures could have descended from either simplified animals or complex protozoans - but new research suggests that they might be a mixture of both.
The Romance Writers' Association has announced the winner of the Romantic Novel of the Year Award for 2009. Freya North won in 2008. Who has won this year?
Viruses are responsible for a large number of diseases. Although tiny and simple in structure they are highly efficient at spreading infection.
Epigenetics is the latest buzzword in biotech. Here's a quick primer on how outside influences alter the genome and affect how DNA is expressed via methylation.
Anti-viral agents inhibit viral replication rather than eliminating viral particles already present.
See the structure, nature and function of ribosomes - cell organelles essential for life. Ribosomes work with messenger RNA to manufacture all necessary cell proteins.
Biologists rely on the relatively recent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to study DNA - its sequence, mutations, and structure.
Modern molecular studies link eight animal phyla.
Cell membranes once seemed to be simple cell structures. Today, membranes are recognized as complex, highly-organized structures that still require intensive research.
When a cell requires more of a specific protein, messenger RNA is made from the gene for that protein and during translation the information is converted to new protein.
It is questionable whether a virus is alive because it must parasitize a host cell to reproduce.
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