Articles related to "Mrna"

When a cell requires more of a specific protein, messenger RNA is made from the gene for that protein and during translation the information is converted to new protein.

RNA, ribonucleic acid, is the genetic material that transcribes DNA's instructions and translates instruction into construction of protein.

Ribosomes, which can be free floating in the cell or attached to endoplasmic reticulum, carry out the steps of protein synthesis in the cell.

See the structure, nature and function of ribosomes - cell organelles essential for life. Ribosomes work with messenger RNA to manufacture all necessary cell proteins.

When a specific type of cell needs a certain protein or other gene product to be synthesized, it can fine-tune the levels of production in a multitude of ways.

Nucleic acids, such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are the vital genetic blueprints, messengers and builders of the cellular world.

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) increases blood pressure by activating AT1R, which occurs in numbers determined by its gene expression.

The mechanisms of inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis become clearer each year. The recent Nobel Prize in Chemistry rewarded the clearer understanding of ribosomes.

The genetic material of a virus can be either DNA or RNA, and if it is single-stranded RNA, the biologist must then make sense of the type of strand.

The purification and crystallization of ribosomes clarified how structure is related to function and how ribosomes account for the law and order of protein synthesis.

This collection of articles explores the components and function of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA) and the cellular energy carrier ATP.

A mutation is a rare change in a gene's DNA sequence that can result in a defective cellular protein. This article covers the basics of genetic mutation.

A mutation in the CCR5 chemokine receptor gene has been discovered that provides protection against infection by HIV-1, the most common strain in North America.

Geneticists have long used genetic switches to turn genes on and off, but until now they have struggled to control the intermediate levels.

Cancer drugs targeting the eukaryotic translation initiation factor gene offers hope in cancer treatment.

Genes are defined as basic units of heredity that direct the production of proteins. What are proteins and why are they important?

Genetic disorders afflict millions and are caused either by inherited or acquired DNA mutations. This article outlines some ways human cells have for fighting DNA damage.

Humans have interacted with amphibians since antiquity. Some of these exchanges are direct and easily understood while others are more difficult to discern.

In order to be effective, antiviral agents must be capable of reaching the infected organ(s) and preventing viral replication without affecting host cell function.

Capillary electrophoresis is a rapid, sensitive, and accurate way to identify small amounts of many important compounds. The technique resembles a mini-hybrid PAGE-HPLC.

RNA technology was used to silence herpes and host genes to protect for a week in mice.

Cells that are small and primitive, or large and more complex, are organized to promote their sustenance and survival. Even the simplest of cells are very complex.

Cell membranes once seemed to be simple cell structures. Today, membranes are recognized as complex, highly-organized structures that still require intensive research.

Molecular genetics is a genetics sub-discipline, including areas such as DNA structure, RNA structure, gene expression, gene mutation and gene therapy.

Microtubules are rigid protein tubes that radiate from the cell center and provide the tracks used by motor proteins to move organelles and molecules to the cell surface.

A recent study published in May 2009, reports the efficiency of personalized chemotherapy based on the genetic profile of patients affected by non-small cell lung cancer.

Prior to cell division, a new copy of DNA must be built. And in order for our cells to make proteins, RNA must be created from the DNA template. How is this accomplished?

Since its discovery in 1998, RNAi has become a valuable tool in medical research, and is under investigation for its potential use in the treatment of genetic diseases.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms are minor alterations in the genetic code, but they can result in very important downstream effects on protein function and expression.

Antibiotics are the metabolic by-products of microorganisms that in very small amounts are detrimental or inhibitory to other microorganisms.

This article provides an introduction to genetics, a relatively new field of science that has made its way into many areas of study.

Natural antibiotics are products of bacteria and fungi. In the microbial world, chemical battles are fought and microbes have learned well how to protect and defend.

A common misconception is that ATP can be used to determine the direction of a reaction. ATP is used to make activated intermediates that are macromolecular precursors.

The result of these genetic mistakes can range from no effect on the organism to the production a defective cellular protein that may have disastrous implications.

MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and are playing an emerging role in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic strategies for many cancers.