Articles related to "Kurds"
Turkey, Iraq and the Kurds: Can Anyone Actually Leave The Kurds
The situation between the Kurds, Turkey, and Iraq has heated up once again. The Kurds demand their own enclave to call their own, which Turkey and Iraq have supressed, fearing they would destabilize the region.
iraq • turkey • invasions • kurdish • resistance
The situation between the Kurds, Turkey, and Iraq has heated up once again. The Kurds demand their own enclave to call their own, which Turkey and Iraq have supressed, fearing they would destabilize the region.
iraq • turkey • invasions • kurdish • resistance
The Kurds
This article explores the ancient history of the Kurdish people, their history, culture, religion and their struggle for autonomy and independence.
kurds • turkey • saladin • kurdish • autonomy
This article explores the ancient history of the Kurdish people, their history, culture, religion and their struggle for autonomy and independence.
kurds • turkey • saladin • kurdish • autonomy
The Kurds
This article is about the Kurds - their history and way of life.
kurds • turkey • medes • kurdistan
This article is about the Kurds - their history and way of life.
kurds • turkey • medes • kurdistan
Second Death Sentence Looms Over Chemical Ali
Years after he allegedly gassed thousands of minority Iraqis to death, Kurds are demanding the execution of Hassan al-Majeed, a.k.a., Chemical Ali.
chemical ali • sentenced to death • saddam hussein • ali hassan al-majeed • sunni
Years after he allegedly gassed thousands of minority Iraqis to death, Kurds are demanding the execution of Hassan al-Majeed, a.k.a., Chemical Ali.
chemical ali • sentenced to death • saddam hussein • ali hassan al-majeed • sunni
Turkey and Europe: Kurd Terrorist Leader Trapped
The odyssey of the Kurd leader Abdullah Ocalan came to an end when the Turkish secret service kidnapped him on February 16th in Nairobi, Kenya. Reaction of the Kurdish minorities spread all over Europe and the Middle East already caused dozens of victims. European politicians showed themselves very concerned about the disorders and the risks of the forthcoming trial, which could end with a death penalty and the execution of the Kurd leader. Meanwhile in Ankara, prime minister Bulent Ecevit has bettered his prospects for the forthcoming elections in April. But after the elections Turkey's leaders would be wise to be lenient with their prominent prisoner.
ocalan • kurds • kurdistan • kurdish • turkey
The odyssey of the Kurd leader Abdullah Ocalan came to an end when the Turkish secret service kidnapped him on February 16th in Nairobi, Kenya. Reaction of the Kurdish minorities spread all over Europe and the Middle East already caused dozens of victims. European politicians showed themselves very concerned about the disorders and the risks of the forthcoming trial, which could end with a death penalty and the execution of the Kurd leader. Meanwhile in Ankara, prime minister Bulent Ecevit has bettered his prospects for the forthcoming elections in April. But after the elections Turkey's leaders would be wise to be lenient with their prominent prisoner.
ocalan • kurds • kurdistan • kurdish • turkey
April: Are US Media Working for a Foreign Power?
Does Israel have too much influence over America's policymakers--and the media? Step back from the hype and you decide.
media issues • media • israel • iran • iraq
Does Israel have too much influence over America's policymakers--and the media? Step back from the hype and you decide.
media issues • media • israel • iran • iraq
Media goes after Saddam--why not Osama?
Cheap sentiment is NOT what my "one-year-later" 9-11 article is about, and to heck with the media that has forgotten what our "mission" should be--and it's not Saddam Hussein!
media issues • media • propaganda • war on iraq • overthrow saddam
Cheap sentiment is NOT what my "one-year-later" 9-11 article is about, and to heck with the media that has forgotten what our "mission" should be--and it's not Saddam Hussein!
media issues • media • propaganda • war on iraq • overthrow saddam
CAMPAIGN: ILISU DAMN
One of the GREEN HOME CAMPAIGN CLUB articles. The Ilisu will destroy the lives of thousands of people, force ethnic Kurds out of their homes, cause social, environmental, religious, political and environmental problems in an area already torn by conflict.
ilisu dam • turkish dam • kurds • turkey • turkish
One of the GREEN HOME CAMPAIGN CLUB articles. The Ilisu will destroy the lives of thousands of people, force ethnic Kurds out of their homes, cause social, environmental, religious, political and environmental problems in an area already torn by conflict.
ilisu dam • turkish dam • kurds • turkey • turkish
Crisis in Turkey: Kurd Terrorists and Corrupt Parties
The arrest of the Kurd leader and presumed terrorist Abdullah Ocalan in Rome has caused a complicated international row involving several European nations, among them the NATO partners Turkey, Italy and Germany as well as Russia. The dispute about Ocalan's destiny has represented to the European public opinion the drama of the Kurd nation divided between four states. Meanwhile in the Turkish parliament in Ankara even this difficult affair couldn't keep the parties from overthrowing the government of the conservative prime minister Mesut Yilmaz. Threatened by the growing strength of the Islamic Fundamentalists Virtue Party, the Turkish democracy risks falling into turmoil once again. The new government of Bulent Ecevit should prepare the country for the next general elections in April, but the Turkish military stands ready to defend its Kemalistic tradition and interests.
kurds • terrorism • kurdistan • terrorist • abdullah
The arrest of the Kurd leader and presumed terrorist Abdullah Ocalan in Rome has caused a complicated international row involving several European nations, among them the NATO partners Turkey, Italy and Germany as well as Russia. The dispute about Ocalan's destiny has represented to the European public opinion the drama of the Kurd nation divided between four states. Meanwhile in the Turkish parliament in Ankara even this difficult affair couldn't keep the parties from overthrowing the government of the conservative prime minister Mesut Yilmaz. Threatened by the growing strength of the Islamic Fundamentalists Virtue Party, the Turkish democracy risks falling into turmoil once again. The new government of Bulent Ecevit should prepare the country for the next general elections in April, but the Turkish military stands ready to defend its Kemalistic tradition and interests.
kurds • terrorism • kurdistan • terrorist • abdullah
A USA Led Invasion of Iran
Iran is Arizona on steroids. 5.6 times larger than the Grand Canyon State, she has a sprinkling of CA beaches and Louisiana rain forests. Any fight would be tough.
us invasion of iran • iraqi invasion • persian gulf • mining of the straights of hormuz • iranian topography
Iran is Arizona on steroids. 5.6 times larger than the Grand Canyon State, she has a sprinkling of CA beaches and Louisiana rain forests. Any fight would be tough.
us invasion of iran • iraqi invasion • persian gulf • mining of the straights of hormuz • iranian topography
American Intervention in Iraq
Prior to U.S. involvement in Iraq there were as many as fifteen opposition groups in Iraq with representatives exiled outside of Iraqi, many situated in London.
operation iraqi freedom • saddam hussein • usama bin laden • iraqi national coalition • united nations
Prior to U.S. involvement in Iraq there were as many as fifteen opposition groups in Iraq with representatives exiled outside of Iraqi, many situated in London.
operation iraqi freedom • saddam hussein • usama bin laden • iraqi national coalition • united nations
Media does Iraq War, Part 1
Up until the mega bombing of Baghdad, the US mainstream media is doing a so-so job of covering the Iraq war, but there are too many "maybes" (such as "maybe" Saddam is dead) and other speculations to take the place of truth.
media issues • media • iraq war • saddam hussein • abcetwork
Up until the mega bombing of Baghdad, the US mainstream media is doing a so-so job of covering the Iraq war, but there are too many "maybes" (such as "maybe" Saddam is dead) and other speculations to take the place of truth.
media issues • media • iraq war • saddam hussein • abcetwork
King Faisal I
He spent most of his adult life fighting the enemies of his people in hopes of building a nation for Arabs.
king faisal i • faisal king of iraq • iraqs first king • iraq royalty • lawrence of arabia
He spent most of his adult life fighting the enemies of his people in hopes of building a nation for Arabs.
king faisal i • faisal king of iraq • iraqs first king • iraq royalty • lawrence of arabia
Standards
A UN report complains about the Iraqi standard of living, but there are problems with the analysis
un • iraq • standard • living • analysis
A UN report complains about the Iraqi standard of living, but there are problems with the analysis
un • iraq • standard • living • analysis
The Democratic Dilemma
The major Democratic candidates recognize the potential ramifications of immediate disengagement from Iraq; but Democrats know that they must alter America's strategy.
the democrats and iraq • barak obama • hillary clinton • joe biden • partitioning iraq
The major Democratic candidates recognize the potential ramifications of immediate disengagement from Iraq; but Democrats know that they must alter America's strategy.
the democrats and iraq • barak obama • hillary clinton • joe biden • partitioning iraq
No-Fly Zones, Sanctions and Saddam Hussein
Sanctions and no fly zone, with time, can bring down the Hussein regime.
no fly zone • iraq • kurd • kurdistan • persian gulf war
Sanctions and no fly zone, with time, can bring down the Hussein regime.
no fly zone • iraq • kurd • kurdistan • persian gulf war
Saddam Husayn – Did the U.S. stop too soon in 1991?
In the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks and the ongoing American war on terrorism, much attention has been focused on Iraq and Saddm Husayn’s possible involvement. Many pundits have blamed the previous Bush administration for allowing him to remain in power after his military defeat in the Gulf War of 1991. What were the reasons the coalition did not pursue his removal from power?
iraq • saddam • husayn • hussein • terrorism
In the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks and the ongoing American war on terrorism, much attention has been focused on Iraq and Saddm Husayn’s possible involvement. Many pundits have blamed the previous Bush administration for allowing him to remain in power after his military defeat in the Gulf War of 1991. What were the reasons the coalition did not pursue his removal from power?
iraq • saddam • husayn • hussein • terrorism
Shi’a Islam and Politics
Not only is the Middle East holy to three of the world’s major faiths, each of these faiths have their own internal differences that spill over into the political situation. In Islam, the major difference is between the Sunni and the Shi’a. Shi’a Muslims are found throughout the region, with large concentrations in Iran, Iraq and Lebanon, and are a major political force.
middle east • islam • shi’a • shia • sunni
Not only is the Middle East holy to three of the world’s major faiths, each of these faiths have their own internal differences that spill over into the political situation. In Islam, the major difference is between the Sunni and the Shi’a. Shi’a Muslims are found throughout the region, with large concentrations in Iran, Iraq and Lebanon, and are a major political force.
middle east • islam • shi’a • shia • sunni
Democracy in Iraq
It is important to engage in the difficult task of nurturing democracy in Iraq.
iraq • democracy • de tocqueville
It is important to engage in the difficult task of nurturing democracy in Iraq.
iraq • democracy • de tocqueville
The Fall Of Saddam Hussein: What does it mean?
This article talks about the effects of the ouster of Saddam Hussein on neighboring countires surrounding Iraq and what might have led to such a fast fall.
iraq • saddam hussein • syria • jordan • saudi arabia
This article talks about the effects of the ouster of Saddam Hussein on neighboring countires surrounding Iraq and what might have led to such a fast fall.
iraq • saddam hussein • syria • jordan • saudi arabia
Words and human rights respect!
The problem of the attitude of the common man to the international and political processes is more and more troublesome, as people think that they can not change anything everything is predecided. Here we assume some facts that may emphasize on the fact that everybody is responsible for the words of their government. Even so if it relates to human rights,The problem of the attitude of the common man to the international and political processes is more and more troublesome, as people think that they can not change anything everything is predecided. Here we assume some facts that may emphasize on the fact that everybody is responsible for the words of their government. Even so if it relates to human rights
discrimination • people power • “changing world” • belligerent inner will • target group.
The problem of the attitude of the common man to the international and political processes is more and more troublesome, as people think that they can not change anything everything is predecided. Here we assume some facts that may emphasize on the fact that everybody is responsible for the words of their government. Even so if it relates to human rights,The problem of the attitude of the common man to the international and political processes is more and more troublesome, as people think that they can not change anything everything is predecided. Here we assume some facts that may emphasize on the fact that everybody is responsible for the words of their government. Even so if it relates to human rights
discrimination • people power • “changing world” • belligerent inner will • target group.
Assyrian Indigenous People
Assyrian Indigenous peoples in the Middle East have had half their population massacred or removed over the last century.
assyrian sovereignty • assyrian indigenous • assyrian native • modern assyria • syrian indigenous
Assyrian Indigenous peoples in the Middle East have had half their population massacred or removed over the last century.
assyrian sovereignty • assyrian indigenous • assyrian native • modern assyria • syrian indigenous
Saddam forced to watch South Park
Former Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein forced to watch himself being satirized in several South Park episodes.
saddam hussein • south park • cartoon • south park: bigger • longer and uncut
Former Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein forced to watch himself being satirized in several South Park episodes.
saddam hussein • south park • cartoon • south park: bigger • longer and uncut
Elections in Turkey: A Nationalist Landslide
After a legislation period full of turbulent changes in government, with several corruption scandals and a final coup such as the arrest of the Kurdish leader Abdullah Ocalan, a landslide could have been expected by the Turkish general elections. The surprise, however, was not so much the good result of prime minister Bulent Ecevit, whose Democratic Left reached 22,3 %, but the strengthening of the extreme right, the National Action Party (MHP) of Devlet Bahceli which reached 18,1 % and became the second party in the Turkish Parliament. The Fundamentalist, instead, have lost consensus as well as the two conservative parties, Motherland and True Path. Bulent Ecevit is now supposed to form a coalition with True Path and the Nationalists. Though considered one of the more hawkish among Turkish politicians, Mr. Ecevit is largely respected. He has firm democratic and secular convictions and should be a guarantee. But if the MHP, whose paramilitary wing is known as the "Grey Wolves", enter cabinet, Turkey might as well be moving into the unknown.
1999 • bulent ecevit • national action party • motherland • true path
After a legislation period full of turbulent changes in government, with several corruption scandals and a final coup such as the arrest of the Kurdish leader Abdullah Ocalan, a landslide could have been expected by the Turkish general elections. The surprise, however, was not so much the good result of prime minister Bulent Ecevit, whose Democratic Left reached 22,3 %, but the strengthening of the extreme right, the National Action Party (MHP) of Devlet Bahceli which reached 18,1 % and became the second party in the Turkish Parliament. The Fundamentalist, instead, have lost consensus as well as the two conservative parties, Motherland and True Path. Bulent Ecevit is now supposed to form a coalition with True Path and the Nationalists. Though considered one of the more hawkish among Turkish politicians, Mr. Ecevit is largely respected. He has firm democratic and secular convictions and should be a guarantee. But if the MHP, whose paramilitary wing is known as the "Grey Wolves", enter cabinet, Turkey might as well be moving into the unknown.
1999 • bulent ecevit • national action party • motherland • true path
Where Do We Go From Here?
Recent events in the Middle East.
king abdullah • jordan • netanyahu • sharon • ariel
Recent events in the Middle East.
king abdullah • jordan • netanyahu • sharon • ariel
Crac des Chevaliers Syria World Heritage Site
The Crac des Chevaliers (Arabic Qal'at al-Hosn) in Syria, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the best-preserved examples of Crusader military architecture.
crac des chevalliers • knights hospitaller • first crusade • crusader castle • unesco world heritage site
The Crac des Chevaliers (Arabic Qal'at al-Hosn) in Syria, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the best-preserved examples of Crusader military architecture.
crac des chevalliers • knights hospitaller • first crusade • crusader castle • unesco world heritage site
Iraq Mulls Security Pact
Iraq Prime Minister Nouri al Maliki supports the security pact between the U.S. and Iraq, which would pull U.S. troops out of Iraq by the end of 2011.
iraq u.s. agreement • u.s. • status of forces • security agreement • maliki agrees
Iraq Prime Minister Nouri al Maliki supports the security pact between the U.S. and Iraq, which would pull U.S. troops out of Iraq by the end of 2011.
iraq u.s. agreement • u.s. • status of forces • security agreement • maliki agrees
The Human Right to Self-Determination
International law recognizes a universal human right to self-determination. However, this is not a right of minorities to secede, and the right has evolved over time.
self-determination • right to self determination • human rights • human rights law • kosovo independence
International law recognizes a universal human right to self-determination. However, this is not a right of minorities to secede, and the right has evolved over time.
self-determination • right to self determination • human rights • human rights law • kosovo independence
Armenian Martyrs' Day
On April 24, 1915, in Constantinople, the Young Turks began the ethnic cleansing, or genocide, of the Turkish Armenian population.
armenian martyrs' day • armenian genocide • ethnic cleansing • young turks • mustapha kemal ataturk
On April 24, 1915, in Constantinople, the Young Turks began the ethnic cleansing, or genocide, of the Turkish Armenian population.
armenian martyrs' day • armenian genocide • ethnic cleansing • young turks • mustapha kemal ataturk
British Woman Formed Modern Iraq
A key shaper of today's Iraq was a powerful British woman who knew the value of Iraqi oil and advised Winston Churchill not to give power to the Shiites.
gertrude bell formed iraq • gertrude bell advised churchill • britain needed iraq oil • britain encountered lethal sunni-shiite mix • failed bush iraq policy
A key shaper of today's Iraq was a powerful British woman who knew the value of Iraqi oil and advised Winston Churchill not to give power to the Shiites.
gertrude bell formed iraq • gertrude bell advised churchill • britain needed iraq oil • britain encountered lethal sunni-shiite mix • failed bush iraq policy
Faris: Medieval Muslim Horsemen
In the 11th and 12th Centuries AD, Muslim Cavalry was comprised of a limited number of Mamluks - warriors of slave origins - and faris. Faris is Arabic for horseman.
faris muslim horsemen • muslim cavalry • furusiya • crusades • faris equipment
In the 11th and 12th Centuries AD, Muslim Cavalry was comprised of a limited number of Mamluks - warriors of slave origins - and faris. Faris is Arabic for horseman.
faris muslim horsemen • muslim cavalry • furusiya • crusades • faris equipment
Iraq Study Group Report
Iraq needs a fresh approach; free from party political pressures and ulterior motives. Was the Baker-Hamilton Report a missed opportunity?
the iraq study group report • cultural diplomacy • baker-hamiliton report • the accordance front • former secretary of state james a. baker iii
Iraq needs a fresh approach; free from party political pressures and ulterior motives. Was the Baker-Hamilton Report a missed opportunity?
the iraq study group report • cultural diplomacy • baker-hamiliton report • the accordance front • former secretary of state james a. baker iii
Language for a New Century: A Review
Language for a New Century (W.W. Norton, 2008) is an exceptional anthology of contemporary Middle Eastern and Asian poetry featuring over 400 poems from 61 countries.
contemporary poetry • middle east • asia • language for a new century • tina chang
Language for a New Century (W.W. Norton, 2008) is an exceptional anthology of contemporary Middle Eastern and Asian poetry featuring over 400 poems from 61 countries.
contemporary poetry • middle east • asia • language for a new century • tina chang
What Iraqis Want
Approximately two-of-three Iraqis believe that the "surge" has failed.
war in iraq • war on terror • general petraeus • sectarian civil war • the middle east
Approximately two-of-three Iraqis believe that the "surge" has failed.
war in iraq • war on terror • general petraeus • sectarian civil war • the middle east
A War of Optimism
The war in Iraq is a war of optimism - hoping that the US can improve the Middle East by eliminating a true threat to stability and peace in the region.
hussein • coalition • government • us • uk
The war in Iraq is a war of optimism - hoping that the US can improve the Middle East by eliminating a true threat to stability and peace in the region.
hussein • coalition • government • us • uk
Applying the Iraqi Surge Strategy to Afghanistan
Barack Obama and the US military have been advocating a troop "surge" strategy for Afghanistan as a solution to the war. A solution which poses serious risks.
afghanistan and iraq • iraq surge afghanistan • obama and afghanistan • obama foreign policy • war in afghanistan
Barack Obama and the US military have been advocating a troop "surge" strategy for Afghanistan as a solution to the war. A solution which poses serious risks.
afghanistan and iraq • iraq surge afghanistan • obama and afghanistan • obama foreign policy • war in afghanistan
Best Bits of Have I Got News For You
In its two decade history Have I Got News For You has seen the host shamed in sex scandal, Play Your Iraqi Cards Right and a certain Tory MP make a fool of himself.
best of have i got news for you • bbc have i got news for you • paul merton have i got news for you • ian hislop have i got news for you • boris johnson have i got news for you
In its two decade history Have I Got News For You has seen the host shamed in sex scandal, Play Your Iraqi Cards Right and a certain Tory MP make a fool of himself.
best of have i got news for you • bbc have i got news for you • paul merton have i got news for you • ian hislop have i got news for you • boris johnson have i got news for you
Hulagu Khan Scourge of Islam
The empire that Genghis Khan left behind on his death in 1227 stretched from the Caspian Sea to the borders of China and the Golden Horde searched for further conquests.
hulagu khan • grandson genghis khan • mongol leaders • scourge of islam • khans of mongolia
The empire that Genghis Khan left behind on his death in 1227 stretched from the Caspian Sea to the borders of China and the Golden Horde searched for further conquests.
hulagu khan • grandson genghis khan • mongol leaders • scourge of islam • khans of mongolia
Human Rights
Human rights atrocities continue to be uncovered - atrocities committed by Saddam's henchmen. For this reason alone, the war to depose Saddam was justified.
human • rights • liberation • atrocity • war
Human rights atrocities continue to be uncovered - atrocities committed by Saddam's henchmen. For this reason alone, the war to depose Saddam was justified.
human • rights • liberation • atrocity • war
Saddam Hussein's Rule of Terror: Part 2
A short article about Saddam Husseins prisons and torture chambers and his quelling of the Shiite uprisings.
saddam hussein • qusay hussein • shiite • war • torture
A short article about Saddam Husseins prisons and torture chambers and his quelling of the Shiite uprisings.
saddam hussein • qusay hussein • shiite • war • torture
The Best Democrat
In retrospect, Joe Lieberman would have had a better chance against Bush, but the deep-seated animosity against George Bush made a moderate choice less possible.
joe lieberman • john kerry • george bush
In retrospect, Joe Lieberman would have had a better chance against Bush, but the deep-seated animosity against George Bush made a moderate choice less possible.
joe lieberman • john kerry • george bush
The New Iraqi Government
Who makes up the new Governing Council of Iraq? How is everyone represented? This article breifly touches on the new Governing Council of Iraq as it gives hope to government by the people of that war-torn nation.
shiite • sunni • iraq • united states • saddam hussein
Who makes up the new Governing Council of Iraq? How is everyone represented? This article breifly touches on the new Governing Council of Iraq as it gives hope to government by the people of that war-torn nation.
shiite • sunni • iraq • united states • saddam hussein
War of Ideas, Part II
Democracy is messy, so expecting Iraq to do better than the US is misguided at best.
democracy • iraq • us • shay's rebellion • electoral college
Democracy is messy, so expecting Iraq to do better than the US is misguided at best.
democracy • iraq • us • shay's rebellion • electoral college
Zogby Poll Helps Provide Context to Iraq
The American Enterprise Institute sponsored a revealing poll of the Iraqi people conducted by Zogby International.
american enterprise institute • zogby international • iraq • poll
The American Enterprise Institute sponsored a revealing poll of the Iraqi people conducted by Zogby International.
american enterprise institute • zogby international • iraq • poll
Adieu Genève
After two years working in Geneva, jet-setting business with a good income I hit the road again, and the (not so) drops from the moniker of Suite 101's roving hitch-hiking editor, as I hit the road again. Some thoughts on a society with most intriguing contrasts from a life undergoing intriguing contrasts ...
geneva • switzerland • united nations • squats • rich and poor
After two years working in Geneva, jet-setting business with a good income I hit the road again, and the (not so) drops from the moniker of Suite 101's roving hitch-hiking editor, as I hit the road again. Some thoughts on a society with most intriguing contrasts from a life undergoing intriguing contrasts ...
geneva • switzerland • united nations • squats • rich and poor
Bush's Infuriating and Ennobling Moral Clarity
Principles draw bright lines and for this reason some people find Bush infuriating and others find him ennobling.
bush • iraq • moral clarity
Principles draw bright lines and for this reason some people find Bush infuriating and others find him ennobling.
bush • iraq • moral clarity
Media should tell the truth for once!
So much media propaganda on war against Iraq has been proven false. How long will it take the media to tie the DC snipers to Saddam Hussein? Who knows, WorldNetDaily might even "have it first"!
media issues • media • propaganda • dc sniper • saddam hussein
So much media propaganda on war against Iraq has been proven false. How long will it take the media to tie the DC snipers to Saddam Hussein? Who knows, WorldNetDaily might even "have it first"!
media issues • media • propaganda • dc sniper • saddam hussein
|
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
I |
J |
K |
L |
M |
N |
O |
P |
Q |
R |
S |
T |
U |
V |
W |
X |
Y |
Z |
0-9 |