Lesson 4: Mythology of Taoism
This lesson examines the mythic figures and stories of Taoism.
Introduction
Mythology and legend can tell us a great deal about a religion, when they are studied in depth. But first one must ensure they understand what is meant by "myth" and know how it fits into the framework of religion. Before we examine some elements of Taoist mythology we will discuss what is meant by the term.
We sometimes hear people speak of "myth" as though it were equivalent to a lie or falsehood - some idea or another is "just a myth". Though this may be proper colloquial usage, this is not the manner in which myth (or mythology) is used when talking about the study of religion. Rather, myth is a set of beliefs that help to justify and explain a world view. In a sense, it does not matter whether or not they are literally true, but instead they are important in helping solidify identity and purpose of a group. Myth helps believers understand the world, in reference to their traditions and rituals.
Myth can be confused with folklore, and the two certainly have overlapping qualities. What is popularly called the study of mythology is often a study of folklore. Of course, this is just as valuable to those who study religion. Folklore also gives insight into tradition and existence, but often on a smaller and more specific scale. As well, folklore is often simply entertainment, while mythology has a sacred aspect.
The mythology of Taoism is often the mythology of China itself. The two are woven together, and there is no need or attempt to separate them. These stories tell of the origins of many common customs, rituals and beliefs - as well, they often simply tell exciting stories that inspire the imagination. They are related in story and in art, and often grant an insight into the very soul of Taoism.
Following this lesson there will be another series of multiple choice questions - this time, an opportunity to try and identify major mythical figures presented in this lesson. As well, there will be two analysis questions that examine the importance and influence of mythology in religion in general and in Taoism specifically. You are not required to complete these questions, but you are encouraged to do so. Students are encouraged to share what they have learned with their family and friends by discussing these ideas with them.
