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Bible 101

Lesson 5: Archaeological Proof: Are the Stories we read about in the OT true?

Additional Archaeological Facts

The list of archeological proof (10) goes on. While we have discussed some of the well-known miracles, events, etc of the OT in the previous lessons, here are some discoveries that firm up the historical quality of the OT, showing that it is not, as some critics would have it, merely a collection of fanciful tales by scribes who were seeking to get a point of religious importance across:

  • The discovery of the twin temples dedicated to Ashtoreth and Dagon in Beth Shan, which confirms the details chronicled in 1 Samuel 31:10 and 1 Chronicles 10:10.
  • An inscription that was found in a temple at Karnak, in Egypt, which records details of Pharaoh Sheshong's raid against Rehoboam. The inscription is dated to 920 BC. The raid mentioned is recorded in 1 Kings 14:25-28.
  • The Babylonian Chronicles, contain an account (from the Babylonian perspective) of the capture of Jerusalem in 597 BC. The events are chronicled in 2 Kings 24:10-17 and in 2 Chronicles 36:5-7. An excerpt from the Babylonian Chronicles reads:
    [In] the seventh year, the month of Kislev, the king of Babylonia mustered his forces and marched to Syria. He camped against the city of Judah (Jerusalem) and on the second day of the month of Adar he took the city and captured the king. He appointed a king of his own choice there, took its heavy tribute and brought them to Babylon.

    This account is in perfect harmony with the Biblical record. The king who was captured was Jehoiachin. The king "of his choice" left in his place by Nebuchadnezzar was Zedekiah.
  • The Cyrus Cylinder is the discovery of a record of one of the edicts of King Cyrus of Persia from 535 BC. The edict is similar to that recorded in Ezra 1:2-4, in which Cyrus decreed that the Israelites could return to Jerusalem from captivity to rebuild the temple. A quote from the cylinder of Cyrus states:
    ...I returned to [these] sacred cities on the other side of the Tigris, the sanctuaries of which have been in ruins for a long time, the images which [used] to live therein and established for them permanent sanctuaries. I [also] gathered all their [former] inhabitants and returned [to them] their habitations. Furthermore, I resettled upon the command of Marduk the great lord, all the gods of Sumer and Akkad whom Nabonidus has brought into Babylon to the anger of the lord of the gods, unharmed, in their [former] chapels, the places which made them happy. May all the gods whom I have resettled in their sacred cities ask daily Bel and Nebo for long life for me and may they recommend me...to Marduk, my lord, may they say thus: Cyrus, the king who worships you and Cambyses, his son...all of them I settled in a peaceful place.

    The list of archaeological discoveries that validate the OT and its stories is too numerous to mention here. The interested student will find the Internet a valuable resource to research the archeological findings in the Holy Land.

    Congratulations! You have now finished the fifth lesson of Bible 101, and are now able to harmonize the scriptures of the OT manuscripts with actual archaeological discoveries. Why not test your knowledge now by doing the Lesson 5 Knowledge Quiz?

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  • Lessons

    Lesson 1: Where do the Scriptures we know as “The Bible” come from ?
    Lesson 2: Who decided what the finished Bible should look like?
    Lesson 3: Who wrote the Books of the Bible?
    Lesson 4: What do the Original Writings and Today’s Bible have in Common? Do we have a Reliable Version?
    Lesson 5: Archaeological Proof: Are the Stories we read about in the OT true?
    • Additional Archaeological Facts
    Lesson 6: Archaeological Proof: Are the Stories we read about in the NT true?
    Lesson 7: Jesus, a Man of Prophecy and History
    Lesson 8: Why does the Bible end?