Birth Control Options

Lesson 2: Continuing the Choice

Tubal Ligation

Tubal ligation is a surgical procedure, similar to a vasectomy, but more invasive and expensive. Depending on the method used to reach the tubes, the recovery period can be as short as a couple of days to several weeks. With all methods an incision is made in the abdomen of the woman, either by the pubic hair or navel, and the surgical instruments are then inserted through the opening. The instruments find first one tube and cuts it, sometimes removing a small amount of the length of the tube, ties it, and then burns both ends so the chance of it reattaching is very small. The same is done to the other tube, and then the incision is closed. The stitches used to close the incision usually will dissolve on their own in 2 to 3 weeks, so there is no need for a return visit unless there is a problem.

This procedure is about 99% effective in preventing pregnancies.

Some possible side effects from the surgery include a slight chance of infection, bruising and tenderness at site of procedure, anesthesia or pain reliever allergic reaction, spotting after the procedure, heavier periods, abdominal cramps, bloating, and pelvic pain.

This operation should not be an option if you are not sure if you want children in the future, if you feel that you are being forced into it, or if you are basing this choice on your current marital, or financial situation which could change in the future. You should not have this procedure done if you think you might be pregnant.

Cons to having this surgical procedure done include; it is invasive surgery, recovery time can be extensive, there is the risk of injury to the ovaries, uterus or bowel, should be considered a permanent method, can be expensive initially, if the method fails there is an increased risk of an ectopic pregnancy, and it does not protect against STDS. Pros to tubal ligation are similar to those for vasectomy and include; it is permanent, it is highly effective, it is cost effective in the long run, it is a fairly safe surgical procedure, and it does not interfere with hormone levels.

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