Cross-Cultural Training


© Tracy Bowens

Lesson 1: What is Culture?

Lesson 1 Exercises

In David Eaton's article, "A Cultureless World? -- Not So Fast!" he refers to culture in terms of an iceberg. There are some indicators of a person's culture that are obvious. These things are the part of the iceberg that you can see -its tip. There are other things that aren't so obvious or are hidden. This is the part of the iceberg that is underwater, that can't be seen and are often the foundations for those elements floating on the surface.

The Peace Corps also refers to culture in this way and has formulated a list of cultural aspects some of which you may find above the surface, and some below. You'll find them below. State which are which.

  • Importance of time
  • music
  • concept of beauty
  • literature
  • nature of friendship
  • concept of self
  • eating habits
  • religious rituals
  • facial expressions
  • understanding of the natural world
  • concept of leadership
  • notions of modesty
  • work ethic
  • styles of dress
  • holiday customs
  • childraising beliefs
  • general world view
  • values
  • paintings
  • concept of fairness
  • gestures
  • food
  • religious beliefs
  • concept of personal space
  • rules of social etiquette
  • negotiation style
  • adaptability to change
  • value of relationships


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