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Thyroid Disease Linked to Foodborne Illness


© Keri

Researchers have long considered that a long acting virus or other pathogen (bacteria, toxin, etc.) may cause Graves' disease. It is known that occasionally the disease affects more than one member of a family, as in the case of former President Bush of the US. Both his wife and his dog were also affected.

Contaminated food has been implicated as a possible carrier of these pathogens. In foodborne disease, food may act as a transport vehicle for the infectious agent or toxins. It has a passive role as simply a transport vehicle for some types of bacteria, virus or protozoa. The typical symptoms of foodborne disease are diarrhea, vomiting or other gastrointestinal symptoms like dysentery. However, researchers are beginning to consider potential long term, chronic effects.

It has been difficult to show direct links between foodborne pathogens and chronic illnesses. The time lapse between infection and the onset of other symptoms may be prolonged. The problems associated with chronic disease can result from infection without symptoms of illness. The chronic problems can occur even if the immune system effectively fights the illness. Data has not been systematically collected.

It has been theorized that activating the immune system may initiate an autoimmune response. The variety of human response--from actual illness to chronic carrier status-- continues to confound the issue. Several authors have estimated that as many as 2-3% of people affected by foodborne disease have some long term consequences.

A link has been established between Graves' disease to a type of e coli. Antibody titers to Yersinia enterocolitica have been found in a majority of patients with the disease. Severe hypothyroidism may result from chronic intestinal giardiasis. This infection can be treated and the parasite completely eliminated.

We need to be aware that food poisoning can have serious long-term effects. However, with proper food care and preparation many of the sources can be eliminated. The simple act of proper handwashing (using soap and hot water and at least eight seconds of friction) could eliminate the transmission of many forms of foodborne disease.

For more information:
Chronic Sequelae of Foodborne Disease
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