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Taking Charge: Protecting Reproductive Freedom

© Alyssa Skye

Although conservative groups continue their attempts to exert control over women's bodies, it is possible to enjoy reproductive freedom by taking advantage of the numerous contraceptive methods available today. Here is a quick rundown of those methods with descriptions to help you choose the one most suitable for your lifestyle.

Condoms, both the female and male versions*: Offer a safe and effective method for preventing pregnancy and protecting against sexually transmitted diseases when used with each sexual act. The use of condoms can also help men last longer during intercourse. For increased effectiveness, condoms should be used with a spermicide as well.

Diaphragm and spermicide: This is a rubber cup prescribed by a doctor which is placed inside a woman's vagina to prevent sperm from reaching the uterus. While not as effective at preventing pregnancy as a condom, it has some benefits such as not interrupting sex and allowing women to control contraception. As with condoms, a small percentage of women might be allergic to the materials in the diaphragm or spermicidal chemicals, yet most women will experience no side effects with either method. (Also beneficial for the breastfeeding mother.)

Birth Control Pill: Another effective form of contraception which is also obtained through prescription, the pill is available in progestin-only or a combination of progestin and estrogen. There can be a substantial monthly cost to purchase the pill if not covered by insurance, and they also cause several side affects including nausea, weight gain, and spotting. Discuss the pros and cons with your obstetrician if interested in this form of birth control.

Depo-Provera: Every 13 weeks, a woman can receive this contraceptive injection which contrains the hormone progestin from her doctor. It is a highly effective pregnancy prevention method although it will not protect against diseases and it does carry the risk of weight gain, missed periods, or spotting. It is one of the best methods of contraception for the woman in a long-term relationship who doesn't want the worry of birth control with every act of sex.

Norplant: This method requires a small surgical procedure to implant the capsules under the skin in your arm. While it is extremely effective against pregnancy, there has been some controversy in the past as to the safety of the implants. Discuss this method with your doctor for further information.

Copper Intrauterine Device: This is a small device placed in the uterus which gives off copper to prevent pregnancy. Although it is considered an effective, long-term birth control method, the copper IUD is associated with numerous risks including infection, ectopic pregnancy, uterine tear, etc.

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