Basic Physical Examinations - Part 2

9) Moving from the head area of the injured animal, check the abdomen. Does it look swollen or feel tight and painful? Some animals can develop "bloat" (gas build up in the gastrointestinal tract), which can cause shock and eventual death. Is the animal vomiting? Foul odors emitting from the mouth are a sign of internal problems.

10) Next inspect the lower end of the animal. A veterinarian will decide if euthanasia is necessary, if paralysis is evident, depending on the "tone" (taut and wrinkled is normal) of the rectal area. Check texture and quantity of any stools. Remember birds' stools are a mixture of urates (runny in texture) and dark solid stool called guano. Can the animal urinate? Is it straining or having other problems trying to urinate?

11) Birds have a "uropygial gland at the base of their tail. It produces oil that makes their feathers water repellant. A healthy bird spreads this oil when it preens its feathers. If this gland doesn't secrete oil when rubbed, it should be cleaned, then gently massaged to allow it to work properly.

12) It is recommended that you make your own version of a "Physical Examination" checklist and keep copies handy as you inspect each incoming animal. It is important to write down your observations as you examine the animal. It is very easy to forget some of the initial problems you may have seen. The list also makes it easier to inform your veterinarian of issues that need to be addressed to give the animal optimal recovery chances.

Remember SAFETY TO THE HANDLER is of the utmost importance. If you are injured by trying to help wildlife, how can you help more in the future? Use caution at all times when handling injured wildlife.

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