According to the popular version of this episode, Henry thundered the sentence's conclusion: "...and George the Third may profit by their example!" When the cries of "Treason!" grew louder with that finale, Henry shouted: "If this be treason, make the most of it!"
A different version emerges from the diary of a Frenchman present in the audience that day. According to his diary, Henry immediately offered that he would seek "pardon" had he "affronted" the Speaker or the House. He then pledged his absolute loyalty to King George III, promising to demonstrate said loyalty, if necessary, with the "last drop of blood." The Frenchman's diary records that Henry's colleagues accepted his contrition as sincere and then proceeded to debate his resolutions.
Most historians today seem to prefer the latter version, but it's quite possible that both are true. It would frankly seem out of character for Patrick Henry to backpedal in mid stride when making an impassioned argument. On the other hand, as seen by his apology to Reverend Maury after the Parson's Case, he could be sensitive and self-deprecating. A very possible (perhaps likely) scenario is that Henry did indeed complete his sentence about George III profiting by their example, though the increasing commotion in the room may have drowned him out enough that many did not hear it. As to his defiant charge to "make the most" of the treason he was being accused of, it's possible that he said something to that effect, but immediately followed up with a clarification that he was not advocating treason - at least not in his mind.
Unfortunately, this will likely always remain a mystery. But one thing is for sure. Henry's argument was forceful enough to win approval of five of his six resolutions (though the fifth was overturned the following day in his absence).
The approval of Henry's resolutions created a stir in the rest of the colonies and encouraged colonial leaders in Boston to keep the faith in their protest against parliamentary taxation. One newly elected Massachusetts legislator needed little encouragement to stay the course.
Sources
Cumming, William P. and Rankin, Hugh, The Fate of a Nation: The American Revolution Through Contemporary Eyes
Kennedy, John Pendleton, ed., Journals of the House of Burgesses of Virginia, 1761-1765
Langguth, A.J., Patriots: The Men Who Started The American Revolution
