Hydrothermal Vents - Page 2
© Debbie St. Germain
The discovery of these vents has opened up a whole new world of exploration into the life that exists in these harsh conditions. A whole ecosystem that depends on one another, in a symbiotic relationship. An underwater world of creatures that rival any characters you've seen in science fiction movies. Over 300 creatures of the vent community have been identified since 1977. Many of these are not found anywhere else on earth.
At these depths of the ocean there is no sunlight. The creatures rely mainly on chemicals for life, chemosynthesis. Tiny microbes oxidize hydrogen sulfide from the vents. The microbes in turn sustain larger organisms in the vent community by providing needed nutrients. These bacteria can withstand temperatures and toxins that would melt lead. They are so different genetically from anything scientists had seen before that they gave them a new name, Archaea. Translated Archaea means "ancient ones".
The microbes are also known as Extremophiles, enduring temperatures well above the boiling point. Archaea are a type of microbe that can endure even higher temperatures, ones above 195 degrees Fahrenheit. They are known as hyperthermophiles. Another group called Methanogens eat hydrogen and carbon dioxide and produce methane. Their ability to withstand such a harsh environment has given them the name of Extremozymes.
Other life around the vents include; 12" tube worms, limpets, blind albino crabs, eyeless shrimp and giant clams.
Have fun exploring the world of undersea vents and discover the life and the fascinating discoveries that scientists have made. The links within the text and below will take you to sites for more information and pictures of the world beneath the sea.
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Other interesting deep sea facts and Links:
Links
Black Smokers Take a journey and learn more about the world of vent life. Take a dive lets you test you knowledge of map reading, water pressure and life forms. You need shockwave to play.Into The Abyss Go on an expedition with Nova Online as they explore the deepest parts of the ocean.
