Tell it Like it is: The Art of Exposition
© Kim Kay
Exposition is the presentation of necessary information to your readers. This may include giving background information to show what happened before the point at which the novel began. Or, it may be about current relationships and events, the characters, or the setting. It can even include plans for the future, either later in the novel, or after the point at which the novel ends. Writers often overuse exposition "telling," instead of presenting the information dramatically, "showing." If used sparingly, however, exposition can be useful.
Showing vs. Telling
Showing is when you use action and dialogue to move the story forward. Events are told as they occur. This keeps the pace of the novel moving quickly and usually holds the reader's attention well. Showing helps make the characters real, which helps the reader to better identify with them. The downside is by showing, you risk going overboard with details and adding unnecessary length to your story. You want to use action and dialogue for the major scenes, those which greatly affect the plot and which will grab the reader's attention.
On the other hand, when you are giving background information which is less exciting or more complicated, exposition may be the way to convey it. Exposition, simply put, is the narrative portion of your novel. It is the description of events in a direct and straightforward manner, rather than the dramatic portrayal of them. Exposition can prepare the reader for a big scene ahead or allow them to "catch their breath" after an emotional scene.
The following sentences illustrate the difference between showing and telling. The first three sentences are examples of telling: 1. Rachel was angry. 2. Kevin's family is poor. 3. Isabella told Michael she loved him.
The following three sentences show the same information as the above ones tell:
1. Rachel glared at Ryan, her hands clenched into fists. 2. Embarrassed by the dingy, faded clothing his mom bought from the Salvation Army, Kevin slouched down in his chair. 3. "I love you, Michael," Isabella said.
How Much is Too Much?
Too much exposition can make your novel dull and flat. It can make the reader lose track of or care less about the story. But in some instances, exposition is not only necessary, it is preferable. It is important to keep a careful balance between the two, providing enough action to keep the story moving along rapidly but giving enough information so your readers can follow the story without being overwhelmed with useless details.
