Introduction to Immunology-Part II - Page 3

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Page 3

Jan 2, 2001

Natural Killer Cells

Natural killer cells should not be confused with killer T cells, but are a type of lymphocyte distinct from T and B cells. Natural killer cells are a form of cell-mediated natural immunity that is considered to have an important role in the elimination of cancer cells. Although natural killer cells will attack cells that have antigen bound to MHC, they may preferentially attack cells that do not express MHC, but are abnormal in some respect.

Cytokines

Although I have previously mentioned cytokines, I thought that it would be best to summarize their actions, given their importance in cancer research. Cytokines perform an essential role in communication among immune cells, but their finely orchestrated use makes it difficult to know when to apply them in cancer therapy. Interleuken acts as a T cell growth factor, and is secreted by the T cell itself. It also stimulates B cell growth. Interferon inhibits viral and tumor growth and activates T cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells. Tumor necrosis factor stimulates the cytotoxic action of T cells and macrophages. Colony stimulating factor stimulates growth of monocytes and macrophages. Transforming growth factor promotes angiogenesis and tumor growth. It also inhibits growth of T and B cells.

I hope that this brief introduction to immunology will serve as a useful reference source for your readings on immunotherapy.

References:

1. Anderson, W., Immunology. First Edition, 1999. Fence Creek Publishing, Madison, CT This paperback book is designed for first and second year medical students, and forms part of the publisher's Integrated Medical Sciences Series. It provides a complete and very understandable introduction to the topic.

2. MacKay,I. and Rosen,F. T-Cell Function and Migration, New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 343, Number 14, pages 1020-1032. An excellent description of the functioning of this vital part of the immune system.

3.Scientific American Life, Death and theImmune System, September, 1993. A fine introduction to the subject, with excellent illustrations for which Scientific American is known.

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