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PLACES OF POWER: The Great Pyramid of Giza

© M. Williams.

For centuries the Great Pyramid, in company with its lesser companions, has dominated the desert landscape of Egypt's Giza plateau and held sway over the imagination of man. Even now, modern technology notwithstanding, archeologists and mathematicians alike are confounded by the symmetrical precision of its construction. While earth scientists ponder the implications of its geophysical location, astronomers puzzle over the likelihood of its relationship to the stars. But Cheops' Pyramid refuses to give up its secrets despite our probing, and the majestic edifice remains an enigma, its timeless mystery a magnet drawing those in search of ancient knowledge and spiritual empowerment.

A Marvel of Engineering
The construction of the Great Pyramid defies explanation. The towering 450 foot-high structure covers 13 acres and is composed of roughly 2.5 million blocks, each weighing from 2.5 to 50 tons. The foundation is astoundingly level-with only a half an inch difference in height at any of the corners-and the stones themselves are fitted with painstaking precision.

Given the lack of such rudimentary tools as pulley and hoist during Egypt's fourth dynasty (2613 to 2494 B.C), and considering that the copper and bronze tools of the era would not be sufficiently durable for the cutting and shaping of the stones, how did the Egyptians manage to achieve such a colossal feat of architecture, unrivaled even in the modern world?

One school of thought holds that the pyramid was the work of survivors from the catastrophic destruction of Atlantis. Another maintains that it was built with the aid of extraterrestrials. Certainly, speculation that the Egyptians possessed knowledge far ahead of their time is given added weight by the number of mathematical, astronomical and geographical correspondences inherent in the pyramid's design.

Knowledge Out of Time
Perhaps the most remarkable aspect of the Great Pyramid is the range of scientific knowledge required for its construction. Measurement of both the exterior and interior of the pyramid shows that the builders were undoubtedly familiar with the values of pi and the Golden Mean and were able to apply such complex principles long before the advent of geometry as a science.

The pyramid engineers were highly knowledgeable on the subject of global geography as well. The lines of latitude and longitude on which the Great Pyramid is situated place the structure at the very center of the habitable world, and its corners correspond with amazing accuracy to the cardinal points of the compass-evidence of an astounding familiarity with the dimensions of the earth itself. The pyramid's geographical orientation also allows for its function as a sundial that accurately marks the dates of the equinoxes and solstices.

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