During the last trimester, many expectant mothers begin to prepare for the anticipated moment; birth. Childbirth classes are almost finished, the nursery only needs the last finishing touches, and the hospital bag is already packed. When the moment finally arrives, it is important to know what to expect. While every birth is different, each laboring woman will experience the same three phases.
Labor is separated into three distinct phases, early, active and transition. Each phase has its own distinct characteristics. How fast each phase will go, or how tolerable the pain will be will vary from woman to woman.
The Early Phase:
During the early phase of labor, contractions are usually mild, and can be 15 to 20 minutes apart. These contractions, which can last as long as 90 seconds, can be uncomfortable, causing the expectant mother to feel crampy throughout her lower back and lower abdomen. The early phase of labor is also when an expectant mother may experience bloody show, or her bag of waters breaking. As this stage of labor progresses, the contractions become more frequent, as well as more intense. During this phase, the cervix dilates to 4 centimeters.
The Active Phase:
During the active phase of labor, contractions become longer and more intense. Most contractions last as long as 45 seconds, and are three minutes apart. The cervix dilates from four to eight centimeters during this phase. If the bag of waters has not already broken, the treating doctor or midwife, will most likely break them at this time. The contractions during this phase are much more painful than in the early phase, and expectant mothers may try breathing techniques, massage, pressure or request pain medications.
The Transition Phase:
During the transition phase of labor, contractions occur every two to three minutes. Each contraction can last up to 90 seconds. During this phase, the cervix dilates from eight to ten centimeters. During this phase of labor, the contractions are at their most intense. The expectant mother may become nauseous, as well as experience shaking, chills, sweats and the urge to push. Once the cervix is fully dilated and effaced, pushing can begin.
Labor and birth vary from woman to woman. Each birth story is different, but each woman will go through the very same laboring phases. These phases of labor create reference points, and, it is important for expectant mothers to recognize the characteristics of each.
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