Any woman of non-Moslem religions, including the Catholics, suffer double-fold danger for being physically less advantageous and being 'kafir'(non-believer of Islam). Both traits could lead into victimization for various religious reasons.
The ethnic Chinese comprises only 3-4% of the whole population of 220 millions. Ninety percent of the population is Moslems. Most Chinese are non-Moslems. They comprise of Christians, Catholics, Buddhists, and Hindus. The first two are the majority among the minority. The ethnic Chinese are widely known to possess the largest economic influence in the country --almost 70%. Hence, not many realize that they are only among the top 5-10% of the pyramid. Others are not as privileged as their fellow indigenous countrymen are.
For more than a century, the Chinese have been treated as human shields by the Dutch colonization. They were given special rights to trade and became merchants, only to envious the indigenous. The Dutch colonization government ruled this archipelago country of 13,000 islands, with over 400 tribal ethnics and stretches the distance from San Francisco to New York, under 'dividing the nation' strategy.
They legally and systematically divided the population into three groups: the white Europeans, the East Asians --Chinese and Japanese-- and the indigenous people. One of the forms of discrimination that is still being enforced today is the unique numbering system of the Chinese's identity cards to distinguish them from the rest of the society. Chinese characters and customs ---including the famous dragon dance and Chinese schools are also forbidden. Chinese names are not favorable and everybody must adopt Indonesian names.
For over 350 years of colonization, which ended in 1945 with the
