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Narcissus contains an alkaloid called narcissine which, "in warm-blooded animals acts as an emetic (incites vomiting), causing eventually collapse and death by paralysis of the central nervous system." Most people poisoned by the bulbs in the past mistook them for onions.
The official classes of narcissus include: trumpet, large-cup, small-cup, double, triandrus, cyclamineus, jonquilla, tazetta, poeticus, and species (wild) varieties. The least hardy are the tazettas, which include the paperwhites, but they can easily be forced indoors. With the exception of a few species types which are only dependable to Zone 6, most daffodils prove remarkably hardy--considering that they originated in the Mediterranean countries! An elderly woman for whom I worked years ago would insist on calling them "lilies." I thought that an eccentric and individual quirk until I discovered that daffodils had, in the past, been commonly known as Lent Lilies. I wrote this poem, called Lent Lilies, for her. Lilies, she calls them,
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