Oregano's aroma could be described as spicy, deep warm, and complex. Many could hardly imagine a pizza or spaghetti without it. It was once used primarily for medicinal rather than culinary reasons. The Greeks used it to stop convulsions and counteract poisonings from opium, black poppy and hemlock. Oregano is also known as "wild marjoram" and grows abundantly in Britain, Italy, Mexico and parts of South America.
Description
This hardy perennial is a close relative to marjoram.
Height: 2'
Zones 5-9
Most oreganos have flower spikes of tiny white or pink flowers above the leaves in midsummer. The leaves vary, but mainly they are on square stems, and are small, oval, opposite, toothed or smooth edges and range from 1/2 inch to 2" long. It spreads rapidly by underground runners. The flavor is spicy and pungent with an undertone of sweetness.
Growing, Harvesting
Oregano can be started from seeds sown in the spring. It thrives in sun or partial shade and well-drained porous soil with routine watering.
Differnt oreganos can vary immensely in the intensity of the aroma. It is highly suggested to buy locally so a leaf can be tested for its fragrance. Some oreganos can be very poor in fragrance and would not make a great contribution to a recipe. And also sometimes in garden shops, marjoram is labeled as oregano. Marjoram has an altogether different aroma and may not be acceptable in a recipe calling for oregano.
The oregano plant can also be divided and planted, or propagated by planting runners. This is recommended if the original plant is a good one as far as the desired aroma is concerned.
For bushy, thick foliage, prune the plant before it blooms. Because of its invasive nature, oregano is sometimes planted in tubs or large pots.
The leaves and shoots can be harvested any time, but should be cut for drying just before bloom when they are most flavorful. Oregano dries well hanging in bunches in a well-ventilated location. Store the leaves in glass jars.
Problems, Pests
Provide well-drained soil to prevent root rot. Treat spider mites and aphids with insecticidal soap.
Uses
Oregano is used in Italian, French, and Greek recipes, and as one of the seasonings in sausage. Mexican oregano is used in commercial chili powders other Latin American recipes.
Medicinal uses:
Today it is medicinally used for colds and as an expectorant, and to aid digestion and expel parasites.
Varieties
Greek
This is the commom variety. It is fast growing with dark leaves. Use to season fish, meats, salads, sauces, and stews.
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