When viewed individually the tiny mustard yellow flowers don't look like much. But they seem to cover the tree. The blossoms are unusual for a dogwood, for this is indeed a type of dogwood and not a cherry at all. It's usually hardy in zones 5 through 8.
The long-lived Cornelian cherry can be grown as a multistem shrub or an oval-shaped tree. Though it can grow to 20-25' in height, the ones I've seen are much smaller.
Once prized for its fruits, this tree is now more commonly used for its ornamental value. It brings several seasons of interest to the garden. After the vivid blossoms fall and cover the ground underneath the tree, the attractive, glossy, deep green foliage appears. The leaves become a vivid mahogany red during the autumn. During the summer the fruits will mature. They can be pear, barrel-shaped, or oval. The fruits will ripen during the autumn. Depending on the cultivar, they may turn yellow, bright red, or purple. They are over one-half inch long.
During the winter the lovely flaking bark is noticeable. Its color ranges from tan to gray.
The Cornelian cherry is an easy-care tree that needs little attention. It rarely requires pruning. Unfortunately it is frequently damaged by deer. Cornelian cherry is very adaptable, and will tolerate most any soil. It isn't as fussy about pH as some other dogwoods. It will thrive in soils ranging from 5.5 to 7.5. Give it full sun if possible. You won't get as many fruits in partial shade.
Pollination usually isn't a problem. Normally it is self-fertile. However cross-pollination can sometimes bring a greater yield of fruits.
Several improved cultivates are available. Flava has yellow fruits that are sweeter than most others. Golden Glory is free flowering and more upright than the species plant. There is even a variegated cultivar with creamy-white variegation on the foliage.
Cornelian cherries are among the tastiest of fruits. The flavor can vary from one cultivar to another. Some have tart fruits, while others may tend to be sweeter. If sweeter fruits are desired, leave them on the tree as long as possible.
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