The Loquat

The loquat prefers a pH of 6 to 8. Though it will grow in most any well-drained soil, this does best in a light loam. Sandy clay soils are also fine. The roots are sensitive to salt. It prefers full sun, but will tolerate some shade. This shows some degree of drought tolerance.

For the most part, loquats require no pollination, and are self-fruitful with the exception of several cultivars. 'Advance' and 'Champagne' require cross-pollination. Even if pollination is not essential in all cases, it will still lead to better fruit yield and fruit set. Grafted trees can have a full-size crop in the fifth year.

This can be trained as an espalier. Louqat was reportedly introduced to California in 1889 where it was first known as the Japan plum.

The Greek translation of the genus name means woolly hair and refers to the hairy flowers and buds.

Propagation is by grafting, cutting, and seed. Normally loquat root stocks are used because there are not compatible with certain other types. Quince root stocks are sometimes used, but the resulting trees can be short lived. Normally these trees can live for 25-30 years.

In the landscape, the loquat is used as espalier, as specimen plants, and in edible landscapes.

Because it is a member of the Rosaceae family, the loquat is susceptible to fire blight. This happens mostly when there is a combination of high humidity and frequent rain during the spring. The tree can also be attacked by scale and fruit flies.

The fruits are used fresh. They are also dried, preserved, stewed, made into jams, jellies, sauces, syrups, compotes, liquors, pies, drinks, and fruit salad. The roasted seeds have been used as coffee-like drink.

Cultivars include a dwarf one called 'Premier.' This has a slow growth rate. This is one of the few early ripening ones. Ones that ripen mid-season include 'Wolfe,' 'Ses 2,' 'Oliver,' 'Hardee,' 'Fletcher Red,' 'Bradenton,' 'Bartow,' and 'Advance.

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