The type of soil you need for your terrarium is directly related to the plants you choose. If you are using tropical plants (green foliage) that grow in the rainforest you'll need a different soil than you would use for desert dwelling plants. You may either purchase or make your own soil mixture. I recommend going to the garden center and purchasing soil designated suitable for African Violets. It will be rich in organic matter and will be peat-based with perlite or vermicullite added to increase drainage. Some brands have even added fertilizer--read your labels carefully to find out how soon you will need to begin a fertilization program. This soil will have been sterilized by the manufacturer. I've learned to always supplement the perlite or vermicullite already in the packaged mix. The mixtures are usually too heavy for good drainage.
If you prefer, make your own mixture by combining 1 part peat (shredded) and 1 part garden loam (black). You will have to sterilize it by heating it to an internal temperature of 200 degrees F. I've been told it smells rather unpleasant which is one reason I prefer to just purchase my soil mixture.
Once I have the basic mix, I can add to it depending on what plants I am using. When dealing with succulents (cactus, Sansevierias, Euphorbias, etc.), I always add at least 1/3 more vermicullite. I don't care for the appearance of the perlite which tends to float to the top when the plant is watered. If I happen to have crushed granite (used by poultry breeders), I add that to the succulent mixture and use it to mulch the container. I leave it out for tropical plants.
TOOLS NEEDED
Tools needed include bamboo sticks, tongs, scissors, spray bottle filled with lukewarm water, decorative rocks or gravel, ceramic figures or any other decorative item you wish to use. I've used teaspoons to dig holes. Now I have a houseplant tool kit that belonged to my grandmother. These are available in good garden centers and make great gifts. You will also need horticultural charcoal. Don't try to use the charcoal used in outdoor grills--it is a different quality.
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