General Care of Cacti & Succulents


© Leigh SumnerKirk
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I acquired my first succulents on impulse, probably like quite a few people out there. When I got home, I dutifully repotted them and put them about the house. If was not until a few weeks later, and after running into some problems, that I realised I might need more information in order to properly cultivate these plants. What followed was an extremely frustrating search for specific growing advice. It seemed that everyone I asked, and every resource I obtained, gave totally different, and seemingly contradictory information.

This perplexing state of affairs is one frequently encountered by those just starting to collect Cacti & Succulents, and is what leads me to provide this primer for those of you out there wondering What-in-the-World to do with the new plants you've just adopted. While there is no hope of providing comprehensive, specific information on every plant, there are some general rules of succulent cultivation, which will apply to the majority of situations.

As a start, here are a few things I have learned:

1. All individual plants are different. Even if it is just a common Christmas cactus, it WILL have its own ideas about what it should do. I've come across people who grow some of the exact same plants I do, and their plants sometimes go dormant, bloom, and grow in wildly different patterns than mine.

2. All growing conditions are different. Even if you are growing the same plant under what appear to be identical conditions to your next-door neighbour, the plants will not be the same. Subtle variances in light, microbial soil make-up, and water can result in vastly different plants. It does not mean that you (or your neighbour) are doing anything wrong.

3. Assumptions are usually wrong. Assuming that 'cactus' need as much bright light as possible can cause problems sooner or later. Most succulents do respond well to bright, indirect light. However, many, if not most, will shrink away, and often burn, from direct, hot light. Similarly, it is dangerous to assume that succulents need as little water as possible. I have lost plants to too much water, but I have also lost them from too little. When in active growth, and especially in hot, dry weather, succulents can require a surprising amount of water to thrive.

4. Cultivation is different than habitat. Whatever a plant may achieve, or be able to tolerate, in habitat will be very different from what it can do in even the best cultivation conditions. A Saguaro in habitat may be able to survive extreme heat and extended periods of drought. However, once you put it in a pot (or garden outside of its normal climate), it's a whole new ball game. In such a situation, a plant will lose quite a bit of its natural ability to adapt to extreme situations, and possibly some of its stature.

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