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Gypsum Board

© Shefali Kumar

Gypsum Board

One of the most commonly used building materials is the gypsum board, also called drywall and sheetrock. This article focuses on explaining the composition, properties and application potentials of gypsum board.

Composition

Gypsum, in some form, has been used in building construction since the Roman times. It is a mineral found in sedimentary rocks. Some common names for gypsum are abalaster and plaster of paris.

In drywall, a solid core of gypsum is encased in layers of paper on both sides. This gives it stability and strength, coupled with an ability to be used in a variety of applications.

Types of Gypsum Boards

Gypsum boards are usually available in panels that are 8'-0" to 16'-0" long and 4'-0" wide. 54" wide boards are also available. The thickness varies to suit different applications. Two edge finishes are available - the tapered and square finishes. Various types of boards are available to satisfy its many applications and uses. Some commonly-used types are:

• Regular - is used as a surface layer for walls and ceilings
• Type X - To manufacture this board, fibres are mixed with the gypsum core. This improves its fire-resistance. It is available in ½-inch or 5/8-inch thickness.
• Type C or Improved X - Further additives provide improved fire-resistance. This product is required in some fire-tested assemblies.
• Water Resistant Board - Also known as "green board," it is made with a water-resistant core and water-resistant face paper. It is designed for use as a ceramic tile backer board.
• Gypsum Core Board - These are 1-inch thick panels that are used in shaft wall and laminated gypsum assemblies.
• Gypsum Liner Board - These boards are available in ¾- or 1-inch thickness and used primarily in area separation wall systems.
• Soffit Board - As the name suggests, this board is for exterior use under protected overhangs.
• Gypsum Sheathing - This product is used as an underlayment in exterior walls for structural stability and fire-protection. It is available in both, treated and non-treated core for water-resistance.
• Abuse Resistant Board - This is a relatively new product and manufacturer's specificationa must be checked.

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