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A Biography Chronology

May 22, 2000 - © Michelle Troutman

Life of Jesus (1863).

  • 1882 - The Dictionary of National Biography, the first modern English biographical dictionary, is published, edited by Sir Leslie Stephen.

  • Early 20th century - 20th century biographers start to follow Sigmund Freud's (1856-1939) psychological theories and apply them to their accounts. Freud himself uses these techniques in his biography Leonardo da Vinci (1910).

    Fictionalization becomes more popular as well, in such works as Hilaire Belloc's Danton (1899) and Marie Antoinette (1909) and Irving Stone's Lust for Life: The Novel of Vincent Van Gogh (1937).

  • 1918 - English author and historian Lytton Strachey's (1880-1932) Eminent Victorians is published. This book and his later biographies are not merely historical accounts of their subjects, but through their irony, human portrayals.

  • Mid. 20th century - present - Movies and TV shows depict the lives of people and interviews offer firsthand accounts of their lives.

    Notable works of this century: Carl Sandburg's Abraham Lincoln (1926-1939), Douglas Southall Freeman's R.E. Lee (1935) and George Washington (1948-57), Leslie Marchand's Byron (1957), Dumas Malone's Jefferson and His Time (1948-70), Churchill's Marlborough (1933-38), Arthur S. Link's Wilson (1947-65), Richard Ellmann's James Joyce (1959), Ernest Jones' The Life and Works of Sigmund Freud, Edgar Johnson's Charles Dickens (1952), and Leon Udel's Henry Adams (1953-1972).

    Sources:

    The Columbia Encyclopedia.
    The Encyclopedia Brittanica.
    The Encarta Encyclopedia.
    The World Book Encyclopedia.

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