A very large part of many librarians’ jobs, whether in a public, academic, or even special library setting, is bibliographic instruction (BI). BI is sometimes also called ‘information literacy’, and involves tasks such as the following:
· Teaching patrons how to locate and use library materials
· Teaching patrons how to evaluate the information they find
· Introducing patrons to database searching
· Introducing patrons to searching the library's online catalogues and indexes
· Helping patrons become aware of information as it exists in its different formats: electronic, print, etc.
Here's how BI is defined according to ODLIS: Online Dictionary of Library and Information Science:
"Instructional programs designed to teach library users how to locate the information they need quickly and effectively. BI usually covers the library's system of organizing materials, the structure of the literature of the field, research methodologies appropriate to the discipline, and specific resources and finding tools. In academic libraries, bibliographic instruction is usually course-related or course-integrated. As more libraries install computer-equipped instruction labs, hands-on practice using online catalogs, electronic databases, and Internet resources may be included in instruction sessions, which are usually taught by an instructional services librarian. Synonymous with library instruction. Compare with user education. See also: one-shot, LIRT, LOEX, and lifelong learning."
Librarians may accomplish the task of bibliographic instruction in many ways. First, they may offer classes and teach patrons library skills in person, within the library setting. Patrons may be taught skills in a one-on-one or in a group (classroom) setting. To supplement these types of hands-on tutorials, librarians will usually also create printed instructional handouts or pathfinders that complement and reinforce the skills being taught.
But as distance education has become more prevalent on campuses and the Internet the preferred research tool, many librarians offer bibliographic instruction via the Web. It's often no longer feasible for patrons to be expected to physically come into the library to receive instruction, and librarians have been quick to realize this fact. BI on the Web is primarily accomplished by creating instructional handouts, guides, pathfinders, and PowerPoint or other presentations and posting them on the World Wide Web for patrons to access. Berkeley's Library Research Using Primary Sources and Library Research at Cornell: A Hypertext Guide are two excellent examples.
Resources
Here are some of the better resources I've found on bibliographic instruction -- I hope these are helpful to you whether you're a librarian designing your library's BI materials, a library patron, or a student.
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